Morowali Nature Reserve

Located on the eastern arm of Central Sulawesi, Morowali Nature Reserve consists of a 209,000 ha protected area containing almost completely intact primary forest. The north of the reserve is dominated by steep mountains reaching over 2600 m in height, but the terrain in the south is much less rugged and terminates in a wide coastal plain with natural lakes and swamp forest. This region, together with much of eastern Central Sulawesi, comprises some of the most extensive formations of ultrabasic rock in the world. This results in soils which have a severe deficiency of important plant nutrients and instead contain toxic concentrations of certain heavy metals. Consequently, ultrabasic forest areas have largely been spared from intensive agriculture and logging due to the poor conditions for planting and lack of valuable timber trees. The indigenous Wana people live throughout the reserve and consist of about 600 families that follow a traditional lifestyle. Their subsistence is based on swidden and shifting agriculture, hunting, and harvesting of forest products such as rattan and damar. Current Status This nature reserve was first established in March 1980, but although it is a completely protected area there are no currently maintained facilities or management staff. It is possible that in the near future Morowali have been proposed become a national park, which would lead to funding for proper management but also probably result in the majority of lowland areas being subsequently zoned for logging. Due to the relatively intact indigenous culture of the Wana people, Morowali has recently been proposed as a World Cultural Heritage Site. Access The reserve is approachable from several directions, but the easiest is to take a 2-hour boat ride from Kolonodale to Tambayoli, which is a settlement at the western end of the park. It is possible to charter your own boat to access other parts of the park, but this is much more expensive. Kolonodale can be reached by bus from Palu or by a 6-hour boat ride from Baturube. Alternatively, to reach Kolonodale from Macassar or Rantepao it is necessary to first take a bus to Soroako, cross Lake Matano via boat, and then take a small bus from the village of Nuha. When to visit The best time to visit is in the dry season (September to November). During the rainy season (May to June) the Soyojaya valley is sometimes prone to flooding, and the rivers are more difficult to cross. What to see Despite having a great diversity of wildlife which includes all the larger endemic mammals such as Babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa), Anoa (Bubalus quarlesi), and Sulawesi Civet (Macrogalidia musschenbroekii), spotting animals in the forest is relatively difficult. Most species are very wary of people due to continuous hunting pressure from the local inhabitants. Over 170 bird species have been recorded from Morowali, including many endemics. Notable species include the Maleo (Macrocephalon maleo), Yellow-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea), Ornate Lory (Trichoglossus ornatus), all five endemic kingfishers, and 18 species of forest pigeons and doves. The Tambayoli valley is a pleasant and easy place to spot numerous raptors, water birds including the Wooly-necked Stork (Ciconia episcopus), and nightjars at dusk. Reptiles include the bizarre Sail-fin Lizard (Hydrosaurus amboinensis), and huge 9 meter-long Reticulated Pythons (Python reticulatus). A wealth of fascinating plants can also be seen in the reserve, ranging from massive Agathis (damar) trees to rare orchids and seven species of pitcher plants (Nepenthes). Despite the great potential for nature tourism, Morowali sees few foreign visitors and there are currently no developed facilities available. Guides can be found in Kolonodale, Tambayoli, or Morowali village, but you must be well-versed in Bahasa Indonesia as few of them speak English. Simple accomodation can be obtained at any village or town, usually by making arrangements with the kepala desa (head of the village). Hiking is generally very pleasant if one follows the well-established trails used by the Wana, but can get tiring on the mountains. When trekking it is most convenient to stay in Wana huts or jungle shelters, but tents must be carried when attempting some of the more remote peaks. Leeches can only be found on some of the wetter mountains. Malaria is a small probem in the Tambayoli area. If you are concerned, you might want to consider prophylactics.

Bats

At least 55 species of bats are thought to occur within the park. Bats are very important in the functioning of the forest. They play a vital role in the pollination and seed dispersal of many tropical plants, including wild bananas and some species of pandans or screw palms. There is a close relationship between certain forest plants and particular bat species; a fall in bat numbers has the potential, therefore, to affect long-term forest composition. Recent field survey in the park have led to the discovery of two types of fruit bat that are thought to represent new species.(Lore Lindu NP Central Sulawesi, A Visitors' Guide, 2001)

Mammals

The rugged of interior of Lore Lindu National Park is home to Sulawesi's largest native mammals, the mountain Anoa (Bubalus quarlesi), and Babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa). While the Anoa is spotted occasionally, the Babirusa is now quite rare and unlike to be seen. The common Sulawesi Warty Pig (Sus celebensis), Rusa deer (Cervus timorensis), two species of Tarsier (Tasius dianae; T.pumilus), the Tonkean Macague (Macaca tonkeana), two species of the marsupial Cuscus (Aiulurops ursinus dan Strigocuscuc celebensis), and Sulawesi's largest carnivore, the nocturnal Sulawesi Civet (Macrogalidia musschenbroeckii)are know to live there. The park has at least five species of squirrel, and 31 of its 38 rat species are endemic. The most commonly seen animals are those that enjoy the secondary forest or agricultural areas and tolerate human presence. Many bats fall into this category and pigs and troupes of the macaque monkey are sometimes spotted raiding corn drops or cocoa plantations.

Reptiles; Fish and Amphibians

There are 21 species of lizard in the park and many of Sulawesi's 68 species of snakes can also be found here, including the python (Python reticulatus) and King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah). The most commonly seen snakes are the racers (Elaphe erythrura and E. janseni). The reticulated python is the longest snake in the world, and common in many parts of southeast Asia. The longest python ever recorded, a specimen measuring 9.97 m in length, was collected in Sulawesi. Occasionally these pythons take large prey and in March 1998 a man was eaten in Kulawi by a 5 m specimen that was later killed. python are also sometimes hunted for their skin and meat. Twenty one species of amphibians and six fish species, including an endemic species in lake Lindu, Xenopoedilus sarasinorum, have been identified within the park. Eels are common in all park streams but fish are found only in the larger rivers and lakes (book of A Visitor's guide Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi,2001)

Hornbill

Sulawesi's two species of hornbill demonstrate a unique example of different canopy use. The Red Knobbed Hornbill Rhyticeros cassidix, lives and feeds in the upper canopy, while the Sulawesi Dwarf Hornbill Penelopides exarhatus, occupies the lower canopy. Both species display an interesting egg-laying habit. The male, with the female's help, uses mud to seal the female inside the selected tree hole nest, leaving just a small slit to pass food to his mate. She remains enclosed while she incubates her eggs and raises her offspring until they are able to fly. During the nesting season of July to September males work hard supplying fruit to the demanding family. Figs are a crucial food source for these birds and waiting near a fruiting tree is the easiest way to observe them. The hornbill, in turn, plays a significant role in seed dispersal for the tree. The Red Knobbed Hornbill, called rangkong in indonesia and locally know as Allo, is probably the most obvious bird in the park. Depicted on the park logo, it is common in many areas and easy to locate, with its loud, raucous call and noisy wing-beat, as it flies above the canopy. Usually existing in pairs, it often gathers in larger groups in a fruiting tree. Sporting prominent red casques,and bright blue skin in the gular area at the base of the bill (which stretches to store fruit), the males have buff-coloured heads while the females are smaller and have a glossy black heard and neck. The bird is something called Burung tahun, the year bird. Its yellow bill has red stripes, and the bird supposedly grows ane new stripe per year. Large (104 cm), Endemic to the Sulawesi subregion; widespread and common, sometimes abundant. Inhabits primary lowland, hill and lower montane forest, and swamp forest; occasionally tall secondary forest and remnant forest patches within extensive areas of cultivation; occasionally visits mangrove forest. Frequent the canopy. Forages in fruiting trees, often with other frugivores, including fruit pigeons, starlings and occasionally squirrels. Has been seen to drive Sulawesi Macaque from a fruiting fig tree in which the macaques were feeding. Feeds mainly on fruit (especially figs Ficus spp); also large insects,etc. The Sulawesi Dwarf Hornbill is the samallest of the hornbills and much harder to spot. A neat yellow and black bird, it lives in kin groups and defends its territory. Breeding is from April to July and older sons help the adult male provide food for the female and offspring. A small hornbill (53 cm). Endemic to the Sulawesi subregion. Widespread and locally moderately common, especially at lower elevations. Inhabits primary lowland and hill forest, forest edge and swamp forest; occasionally tall secondary forest. Usually in pairs or groups of up to 10 birds, occasionally singly. Noisy and active; often difficult to observe. Flies through the forest. Feeds in the mid-canopy of fruiting trees. Other name Sulawesi Hornbill.

Sugar Palms

Sugar palms,Arenga pinnata know locally as aren, are found around the park and tapped for their juice. The sweet sap can be drunk neat, fermented into an alcoholic drink (saguer), or can be boiled down to produce a rich flavoured dark sugar (gula merah). Saguer can be easily purchased in most villages and varies enormously in both flavor and strength. It nay be sweet, sour, acidic, refreshing, or totally inebriating, depending on its 'vintage' or locality. The drink should be treated with respect, not least because it's mix of wild yeasts is completely new to a foreign stomach! The sap is collected by using lengths of hollow bamboo poles propped up against a tree; the owner of the tree will climb it every morning and night to take the juice that has accumulated. A good tree may produce six to seven litres each day and has many other uses, such as providing thatch and material for brushes. Aren trees are not planted but the community acknowledges individual ownership.

Anoa

A close relative of the water buffalo, Sulawesi have a two species Anoa: the mountain Anoa (Bubalus quarlesi and lowland Anoa Bubalus depressicornis. The mountain Anoa is covered in a fine, dense coating of hair, which can be light brown to chocolate or black in colour. It has short conical horns and stands 75 cm at the shoulder. A solitary animal, it is unique in that of the five species of wild cattle in southeast Asia, this is the only one whose major habitat is undisturbed forest, where it feeds on a variety of fruit, leaves, grasses, moss and ferns. Th rugged, high altitude nature of the park suits the endangered mountain Anoa. Although it is considered to be relatively common here, it is reclusive and only observed occasionally feedeng in well-drained areas or lying ruminating along dry, relatively open, ridge tops. A recent survey discovered high densities of the species in the moutainous interior of the park, where footprints, sleeping sites and faeces were frequently seen. Often hunted by poachers, almost to the point of extinction elsewhere, Lore Lindu National Park is now one of the last refuges for this endemic species.

Barkcloth

Traditional barkcloth, kain kulit kayu is still made extensively in the Bada Valley, where it is called ranta. It is occasionally made in Kulawi, where it is called mbesa, and in Napu, where it is know as inodo. Previously, it was used throughout these valleys for blankets, as room dividers, both men's and women's clothing, and even fashioned into saddles for horses. Several tree species can be used to make barkcloth, the most common of which, is the banyan tree (Ficus spp., locally know as nunu). This produces a cloth that is brown or reddish in color. The tree in not killed in the process, as only branches are used. The inner bark is boiled to soften it and then wrapped in banana leaves to ferment for two to four days, It is then pounded with deeply ridged wooden mallets, followed by a series of progressively finer-grooved stone mallets, to produce a thin, smooth piece of material. This process takes another three days, and several pieces of bark can be joined to make a larger cloth. Finally, it may be treated with the sap from another tree to preserve it, and then dried. The whole process takes no more than 10 or 11 days. The cloth is strong, tears can be repaired and a skirt would be expected to last up to rained, people would take their clothes off, roll them up, put them under their arms and walk around naked! In the Bada Valley, the white bark cloth (from the paper mulberry, Broussonetia papyrifera) is painted with brightly-coloured, natural dyes in traditional motifs and geometric disigns.

kacamata Laut

Yellow-bellied White eye; Small; All yellow underparts. Range: Sulawesi subregion, Moluccas (small island only) and W Lesser Sundas, Generally common; locally abundant (e.q. Tanahjampea and Besar). Inhabits secondary forest and open woodland, scrub, mangroves, cultivation, and village and urban garden. Lowland to 1000 (NCen Sulawesi), 1800m (S Sulawesi), 1500m (Lombok) and locally to 1200m (Main lowlands)(Flores). Usually in small flocks. Restless. Forages at all levels in the vegetation. visits fruiting trees. Other name: Moluccan White-eye. This picture from urban garden in the city of Palu (Central Sulawesi Province) at 9 July 2009. foto diambil pada tanggal 9 juli 2009 lokasi taman kantor Palu. Sangat umum ditemukan didataran rendah; sering terlihat dalam kelompok besar; kadang sedikit. menghuni hutan sekunder dan hutan terbuka, perdu, mangrove, lahan budidaya, pedesaan dan taman-taman kota. panjang tubuh sekitar 11 - 12 cm, tubuh bawah seluruhnya kuning, atas kuning keabu-abuan, ekor hitam agak kekuningan, lingkar mata putih.

Maleo

The Maleo, Macrocephalon maleo, is a member of the Megapodiidae family of mound builders or incubator birds. This family of birds is found from eastern Indonesia through to Polynesia and Australia but the Maleo bird itself occurs only in North; Central and Southeast Sulawesi. It has a striking black and white plumage with a rosy pink breast, erect tail and bare helmeted heat sources incubates its eggs; it commonly nests on sandy beaches jeated by the sun, hot springs or vulcanic vents.Within the park, nine nest sites are know. All are located near hot springs or on exposed river banks. Nesting sites are visited in the morning or evening by the birds and are communally used by many pairs. its a noisy affair as they select a location to lay a single egg. Both male and female dig with their strong legs and slightly webbed claws, taking turns once the hole becomes deeper. After laying her 11-30 cm, 240-270 gr egg, the pit is re-filled and several false pits dug to confuse predators (some may have also been started and discarded as temperature or soil moisture was found to be inadequate). The whole process can take up to six hours. Laying occurs all year round but at Lore Lindu there is a seasonal peak between December and January. The female lays and egg approximately every 8-10 days. No parental nurturing occurs and after about three months the chick hatches and spends a day or two scrambling to the surface. Unlike most helpless bird hatchlings, the Maleo chick can immediately fly into the forest. of all birds the Megapodes produce one of the most mature chicks on hatching, hence the need for a large-sized egg and long incubation period. Unfortunately, this also makes the egg susceptible to predators such as pigs, monitor lizards, and human. A combination of over-exploitation of the nesting sites for food and habitat loss due to agriculture is making the maleo increasingly rare. The best places to see these curios birds are at nesting sites at Saluki and Pakuli that are each used by over 50 pairs of birds.

Key Birdwatching Sites In Sulawesi

The following sites represent some of the best and most readily accessible birding areas in Wallacea. Permits to visit all reserves (National Park, strict nature reserves and hunting reserves) must be obtained prior to entry of any such area. Permits for national park can be obtained at the respective park headquarters offices. NORTH SULAWESI Tangkoko Dua Sudara - area: 87 sq km. Elevation: 0-1100m. Status: Strict Nature Reserve. A small but nevertheless very valuable and notably bird-rich reserve within two hours drive of the city of Manado. Perhaps the best place to see Sulawesi's endemic forest-dwelling kingfishers as well as the elusive Red-backed Trush and Small Sulawesi Hanging-parrot. Domuga-Bone National Park - area: 3000 sq km. Elevation: 100-1970m. Status: National Park. A major conservation area supporting a large proportion of Sulawesi's endemic lowland and mind-elevation birds and mammals. Birds of special note include Minahasa Masked Owl, Maleo (probably the best site to see this bird); Yellow-breasted Racquet-tail and Pied Cuckoo-shrike. CENTRAL SULAWESI Lore Lindu - Area: 2290 sq km. Elevation 200-2356m. Status: National Park. An exceptionally rich area harbouring approximately 78% of Sulawesi's endemic birds in addition to many of its large mammals. A well established road provides relatively easy access to superb mid-montane forest at c. 1600m. Thereafter an increasingly eroded, overgrown logging road provides access to elevation up to 2200m near the summit of Gng Rorekatimbu and some magnificent montane forest. The park harbours all but three species of Sulawesi's montane birds. Howeever, the park encompasses very little undisturbed lowland forest, consequently some lowland species may be easier to find at the previous two sites. Morowali - Area: 2000 sq km. Elevation: 0-2600m. Status: Strict Nature Reserve. Located on the little studied central-eastern peninsula, Morowali encompasses an interesting mosaic of forest on ultrabasic soils, limestone and alluvial plains. Thisrarely birded reserve would certainly repay further investigation. SOUTH-EAST SULAWESI Rawa Aopa/Watumohae - Area: 968 sq km. Elevation: 100-1000m. Status National Park. An interesting combination of swamp. hill and coastal forest. Virtually no birders have visited this area and it remains ornithologycally poorly know. SOUTH SULAWESI Bantimurung and Karaenta - Area: 20,018ha. Elevation: 100-750m. Status: National Park. A attractive reserve encompassing lowland and foothill forest, including some inaccessible limestone karst country. The reserve supports a number of Sulawesi's endemic and localised resident birds including the Black-ringed White-eye. Lompobattang Massif - Area: c. 20,000ha. Elevation: 1000-2900m. Status: Proposed Strict Nature Reserve. Home to many montane species including the little know and highly localised Lompobattang Flycatcher. The forest of this isolated massif, visible from Sulawesi' capital, Makasar, are under increasing threat as farmers continue to clear land for agriculture at higher and higher elevations. (book of Guide to the BIRDS OF WALLACEA)

Sulawesi Cicadabird

Sulawesi Cicadabird we founded at garden Dodolo village around 2 september 2008 in Lore Lindu National park. Widespread and locally moderately common on Sulawesi, single, in pairs and small groups. also in mixed-species foraging flocks. Incospicuous; gleans quietly but actively in the canopy and subcanopy. sometimes remains on the same perch for extended periods, permitting prolonged, clear views, inhabits primary and tall secondary lowland, hill and montane forest, lowland to 1770 m (Sulawesi)(Birds of Wallacea).

Megalith

Megalithic statues that are hundreds, if not thousand of years old, dot the Napu, Besoa, and Bada valley and are considered to be the finest stone monuments of their type in Indonesia. The origin of these massive, well worked, yet elegantly simple, granite carvings has been lost over time as they pre-date the existing ethnic groups found around the park. Various archaeological studies date them as early as 3,000 BC or as recently as 1,300 AD. They are believed to relate to ancestor worship. The tallest megalith stands at a higher of over 4 m, but most are 1.5 - 2.5 m tall. There are five cateories classified by shape:1)Stone Images- These statues have human features, but only the head, shoulders and genitalia are usually distinct. They are characterised by abnormally larges eyes and head. 2)Kalamba- These are the most common megalith shape, and resemble large urns. They may heve been cisterns, but were most probably sarcophagi associated with the burial of nobility, as traditional requires the dead to be buried with supplies for the after life. No remnants of treasures or bones remain; the assets of the Kalamba were probably raided in the 19th century. In the Napu Valley, the Kalamba are intricately carved on the outside with depictions of men, lizards, buffalo and other creatures, but in the Bada and Besoa Valleys, they are usually plain. 3)Tutu'na- These are large stone disks, probably the lids of the Kalambas. Some have carved figures and often the centres are raised. 4)Batu Dakon- Flat to convex stones featuring channels, irregular pitting and other depressions. 5)Other- Stone mortars, house supports, and several other shapes are found. Around 430 objects have been found in three districts, including 349 in Lore utara, 55 in Lore selatan, and 27 in Kulawi. the largest concentration of objects can be found at Pokekea in the Besoa valley, where there are 78 objects, 40 of which are Batu Dakon. Further objects may exist in the park but have yet to be mapped. Prior to the arrival of the Dutch, several villages were positioned around the stones and the people inhabiting them felt a spiritual connection. During conversion to Christianity, people were encouraged to relocate to new village sites, and the affinity with the stones was lost. (Book of Lore Lindu NP A Visitor's guide, 2001.)

Purple-winged Roller

Coracias temminckii we founded an pair at 2 september 2008 in Salibu area Lore Lindu National Park. Large (30-35cm, widespread and moderately common, especially at lower elevation. Inhabits forest edge, swamp forest, tall secondary woodland, savanna, open scrub woodland and lightly wooded cultivation; occasionally primary forest. Sea level to 1150 m (Bird of Wallacea). Singly or in pairs, seldom in parties of up to seven birds.

Napu Valley (Grassland)

The road through the Palolo Valley continues on from Tongoa to the Napu Valley, 115 km from Palu. Most of this scenic highway, forested route travels through the national park,first passing over a ridge and down into the Dongi Dongi Valley. It then climbs another ridge before descending steeply into the Napu Valley. On the top of the last ridge, a rough dirt road turns to the left to Anaso and Mount Rorekatimbu, which has excellent high altitude birdwatching locations.Anoas have been spotted occasionally here as well. Lake Tambing (also called Danau Kalimpaa),one of the sources of the Lariang River, lies at a height of 1,700m asl, on the lower edge of the montane forest. The surrounding rich forest is dominated by oak and beech trees, (Fagacaea) and is richly smothered with epiphytes such as the bird nest (Asplenium sp) and staghorn fern (Platycerium sp) mosses, lichens, and fungi. A large, grassy valley at 1200m with extensive wetlands and forested mountains on all sides. It's 3,000 km2 area supports approximately 12,300 people. Around 25% of the population are immigrants attracted by the availability of good farming land. (visitor guide NPLL, 2001) Good birding around Wuasa town, and in the forest edges bordering grassland Zitting Cisticola; Golden-headed Cisticola; Pied Chat; Rusty-bellied Fantail; Blue-tailed Bee-eater; Wood-swallow; Brown Cuckoo-dove; White-bellied Imperial Pigeon.

Satanic Nightjar / Heinrich’s nightjar (Eurostopodus diabolicus)

Eurostopodus diabolicus is endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia, where it is known from mountain ranges in the north and centre of the island. Large (30-32cm), Entirely dark with a pale rusty-buff throat-band and inconspicuous small white mark on 4th primary (numbering commencing at outer wing); no white in tail. wing 207. It appears to be very small distributed and genuinely rare, although its nocturnal habits and associated difficulties in identification have probably led to it being overlooked.The sight records were of single, silent birds observed at dusk and dawn: (i)perched on a small branch c.0.5m above the ground at the edge of a road (King 1994); and (ii)sitting on a road in a partially open area on a ridge, (iii) hawking along the forest edge at a height of 1-35m, mainly 5-15m, and(iv)briefly passing at midstorey over a small partially open area (KDB & J.M.Diamond). Flight consisted of sailing on rather flat, rounded wings interspersed with occasional fluttering as the bird presumably attempted to catch flying insects; the tail looked shortish and square; and the eyes reflected yellow in the spotlight. Although it must have suffered from loss of habitat at lower altitudes, its recent discovery in montane forest suggests that it may be locally secure. It has been recorded in one protected area, Lore Lindu National Park,until now you can find easier in there if you are lucky. August 31’ 2008 we found a pair Satanic Nightjar sleeping on the nest edge street in Heliped Anaso Lore Lindu National Park.

Spotted Kestrel

Falco moluccensis This picture taked in Napu valley area Dodolo village around at 29 august 2008 the electric cable on road Napu - Besoa. A widespread resident. Generally moderately common to common, most frequent in coastal lowland areas; also locally in upland valleys, such as in Central Sulawesi. Inhabits Imperata grassland with scattered trees, lightly wooded cultivation, and the edges of primary and tall secondary forest; also occasionally along logging roads deep into forest, in clearing within forested areas, and in areas of human habitation (including the vicinity of towns). Small (28-38cm), Rich chestnut crown upperparts; heavily marked back and wings; grey tail; heavily spotted underparts; dark moustachial streak. Sometime hovers. Male: pale grey tail with a black subterminal band. Female: barred tail. Imm: like female but darker, more heavily barred with black; primaries browner; tail more rufous. (J.Coates; guide to the Birds of wallacea)

eucalyptus deglupta

One of the most well-known is the gum tree Eucalyptus deglupta, known locally as Leda. Quite common, and easily recognised by its smooth, startlingly patterned, green-pink bark, the tree grows to around 60 m in height with a girth of 1.5 m. Commercially important, it has extraordinarily high growth rates and is used in tropical forestry projects around the world. Native to the park, it is common on river flats.

Lake Lindu Enclave

Easily accessible from Palu is lake Lindu, a huge and beautiful lake by forested mountains. There are several short walks around the lake, and it’s also possible to do a longer trek eastwards across the park to Kamarora. Even with a 17 kilometre (10 mile) uphill walk or motorcycle ride from Sidaunta to get there. The enclave, at 1000 m asl, covers 6,000 ha, over half of which is covered by Lake Lindu. The lake provides an excellent place to view water birds and migratory waders that often use it as a resting stop. The ideal way to bird-watch is by canoe and it provides a pleasant break from trekking. There are also plenty of birds of prey. Bamba, in the north, is a garden site with no village and is an excellent birdwatching locale. Isabel bush hen; White breasted waterhen; Sunda Teal; Eurasian wigeon; garganey; Pacific black duck; Indian Darter; Platen's Rail; Purple heron; Great billed heron; Javan Pond Heron; Cattle egret; wandering whistling duck; spotted whistling duck; Water Cock; common moorhen; dusky moorhen; buff banded rail; barred rail; Brahminy Kite; Cinnamon bittern; Yellow bittern; Rufous night heron; Black crowned night heron; white browed crake; Purple swamphen; ruddy breasted crake; Black naped fruit dove; Slaty legged crake; Sulawesi Serpent Eagle; black throated little grebe; red throated little grebe; Sulawesi King Starling.

Salibu; Danau Kalimpa'a dan Anaso

Salibu; Danau Kalimpaa dan Anaso, merupakan tempat terbaik untuk melakukan pengamatan burung disekitar TNLL. Hutan dataran tinggi yang terletak di wilayah lembah Napu dengan ketinggian antara 1200 – 2600 mdpl, memungkinkan kita untuk menjumpai berbagai jenis burung endemik Sulawesi yang kebanyakan hidup di habitat dataran tinggi. Geomalia dan Malia grata adalah dua burung endemik genus yang dapat kita jumpai di lokasi ini, jenis burung purba yang bertahan hidup di dataran tinggi ini sangat rentan terhadap kerusakan habitat. Selain kedua jenis ini berbagai jenis endemik Sulawesi lain dapat kita temukan dengan mudah dilokasi ini a.l : Sulawesi King Starling; Chestnut backed Bush Warbler; Pygmy Cuckoo Shrike; Sulawesi Cicadabird; Piping Crow; Blue-fronted Flycatcher; Sulawesi Woodpecker; Red headed Flowerpecker; Sulawesi Montane Drongo; White bellied Imperial pigeon; Fiery browed Starling; Streakyheaded Whiteeye; Purple barded beeeater; Ashy Woodpecker; Dark eared Myna; Northern Spotheaded Honeysucker; Cinnabar Boobok; Sulphurvented Whistler; Yellow billed Malcoha; Sulawesi Leaf Warbler; Sulawesi Rufous Fantail; Sulawesi Red knodbed Hornbill; Grosbeak Starling; Sulawesi Babbler; Sulawesi hanging parrot; Golden-mantled Racquet-tail; Red eared fruit dove. Dan jika beruntung kita dapat melihat beberapa jenis burung endemic yang sukar untuk dijumpai langsung karena populasi dan kebiasaan yang menyendiri a.l: Platen's Rail; Sulawesi Thrush; Satanic Nightjar; Sulawesi Mountain Thrush; Blue faced Rail; Sulawesi Shortwing; Yellow flanked Whistler; Sula Jungle Flycatcher; Sulawesi Woodcock.

Lore Lindu Birding Amazing

Lore Lindu National Park is one of Sulawesi’s most important biological refuges. It contains large areas of relatively untouched terrain and varied habitats, which include lowland and upper montane forests, rivers, lakes and hot springs. Officially declared a national park on June 23, 1999, it’s formation amalgamated three existing reserves: the Lore Kalamata Nature Reserve, which was set aside for the protection of Sulawesi’s unique endemic fauna; the lake Lindu recreation and protection forests, established to protect the catchment area of the Plau valley’s Gumbasa river irrigation scheme. The new park covers an area of 217,991 ha. “It is the best single location for seeing Sulawesi’s endemic birds.” 225 species birds, 78 species is endemic Sulawesi, only 3 – 4 days we need to bird watch. Taman Nasional Lore Lindu di tetapkan pada 23 Juni 1999 oleh Menteri Kehutanan dan Perkebunan melalui SK No. 464/Kpts-II/1999 dengan luas mencapai 217.991,18 ha. Secara umum Type hutan TNLL terbagi dalam dua ekosistem utama yakni Ekosistem Hutan Hujan Pegunungan (70 % wilayah TNLL) dan Ekosistem Hutan Hujan Dataran Rendah (30 % wilayah TNLL). Dengan luas kurang lebih 1.2 % dari wilayah Sulawesi kawasan ini menunjang berbagai avifauna khas Sulawesi termasuk burung. Dari 235 jenis burung di daratan Sulawesi, 225 jenis terdapat di kawasan ini. Diantaranya 78 jenis merupakan endemik Sulawesi. Wilayah bagian utara dari TNLL merupakan salah satu tujuan utama bagi pengamatan burung, 80 % dari jenis endemik sangat mungkin untuk dilihat dalam kurun waktu 3 – 4 hari. Selain hutan hujan yang mempesona kawasan ini juga memiliki dua habitat untuk burung air yakni Danau Lindu(3.488 ha) dan Danau Kalimpa 2,4 ha.